How does contactless payment work?

Contactless credit and debit cards use a combination of traditional EMV chips, along with a contactless chip and RFID antenna. In the case of digital wallets, the smartphone contains a pair of chips, one that accesses and encrypts the card information, and the other, a near-field communication chip that transmits the card data to complete the transaction. The digital wallet is installed on a mobile device, enabling users to manage funds and pay with their credit card accounts.

Tap-and-pay worldwide

Europe is the global leader in the use of contactless cards with nearly one in two transactions contactless. In the UK, the number of contactless transactions rose by 31% in 2018 when compared to the previous year. According to the UK Trade Association, eight out of ten debit cards and six out of ten credit cards are contactless today. The use of contactless cards has received a major boost in the UK since 2015, when the London Transport System began accepting contactless payments.

In Canada and CEMEA (Central Europe, Middle East and Africa), nearly 60% of face-to-face transactions are concluded with a tap. In Asia Pacific, contactless payments constitute more than one-third of face-to-face transactions.

Contactless payments in the US

Up until recently, the US has lagged behind Europe when it comes to contactless payments. However, at the end of May, New York became the first US city to enable subway and bus riders to start tapping a contactless bank card or their mobile wallet to pay fares. The adoption of tap-and-pay technology in cities like Boston, Chicago and San Diego should give contactless payment further impetus.

Issuers jump on the bandwagon

Visa has announced that it expects 100 million of its cards to be contactless by the end of this year. The network’s real-time debit service Visa Direct is said to be driving usage and expanding use cases and geographies.

JPMorgan Chase & Co. stated that it has already issued 20 million contactless Visa credit cards as part of a rollout that began earlier this year. The bank added that tap-and-go debit cards will be on offer later in the year. Wells Fargo and Bank of America are also expected to start issuing tap-and-pay cards in 2019.

Payment ease reigns supreme

The rising popularity of contactless payments is inevitable, and is certainly not a passing trend. Today’s customers demand easy payments as a matter of course. As they carry their smartphones everywhere and utilize them for multiple purposes, it only makes sense that they will aspire to use them to complete transactions with super fast checkouts and a single tap. So contactless will definitely play a major role in payments in the years to come.     

As opposed to fiat currency, cryptocurrency is not connected to governments or central banks. Using a ledger system, cryptocurrency transactions are anonymous and decentralized. Bitcoin’s value, for example, is determined by demand and market supply at any given time, much like precious metals. Due to the fact that no government regulations apply to cryptocurrency and transactions are untraceable, there is a risk of abuse of the system for illegal activities including terror funding and drug trafficking.

Some advantages of using cryptocurrency for payments

Despite the risks, cryptocurrencies have several significant advantages as well:

• Lower fees

When utilizing credit and debit cards, and handling transfers, foreign transactions, false declines and many other types of financial activities, there are fees involved. These fees tend to mount up and become quite costly. Cryptocurrency payment gateways charge only 0.5 to 1% per transaction. Most cryptocurrency accounts that take the form of a digital wallet are free.

• No chargebacks

One of the major banes of credit card use for payments is chargebacks.The cancellation of credit card transactions by purchasers can be extremely costly for merchants. But when it comes to cryptocurrency transactions, the basic rule is that they cannot be reversed. 

• Securing personal data

Consumers are concerned about how retailers, service providers and financial institutions retain extensive amounts of sensitive personal data from an individual’s name, address and email to credit scores and net worth. When performing cryptocurrency transactions, data is converted into numbers, or cryptocurrency wallet addresses, so private information is not revealed. 

• Cross-border payments

Cryptocurrency payments are not classified according to countries. There are no cross-border fees, and no limitations on accessing funds. As banks and credit card companies are not involved, users can make payments, pay bills and shop independently.

More service providers and retailers are accepting cryptocurrency

Cryptocurrency acceptance is becoming more widespread among large service providers and retailers. AT&T recently became the first mobile carrier to accept bill payments in cryptocurrency. The Shopify ecommerce platform allows its merchants to accept Bitcoin payments through BitPay.

Microsoft permits users to deposit Bitcoin in their Microsoft accounts for the purchase of movies, games and apps in the Windows and Xbox stores. The large retailer Overstock has been accepting Bitcoins and other major cryptocurrencies since 2014. Paypal also allows merchants to accept Bitcoin through Braintree. There are many small businesses that are accepting cryptocurrency payments today.  

What lies in the future for cryptocurrencies?

Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin lack basic stability because they are not a pegged currency. By nature, they are more like a commodity asset for trading like precious metals. Some enterprises (like Facebook) are introducing stablecoins which are pegged to certain currencies, thereby securely anchoring cryptocurrency. But this would stand in contradiction to the decentralized (and uncontrolled) nature of cryptocurrency.

COTI recently developed the world’s first DAG (directed acryclic graph) protocol for creating decentralized payment networks and stable coins. Other technologies are expected to emerge and innovate cryptocurrency norms. Time will tell what form cryptocurrency payments will ultimately take.   

Image by Rawpixel.com

This type of payment method can also be used via a smartphone, without any need to pull out a credit or debit card, provide a PIN or a signature. Today’s purchasers expect all transactions to be frictionless and fast, so contactless payments will inevitably become more widespread in the years to come. 

READ MORE:

THE INEVITABLE RISE OF CONTACTLESS PAYMENTS

Image courtesy of Freepik